Gasoline most important specifications :
Detonation Stability: Octane Number
Establishes the gasoline's braking out by spark property without detonation.
Detonation - fuel burning speed that excels about 100 times the normal speed.
Detonation features are: powerful metallic noises in the overheated cylinders, engine shake, engine's power reduction.
Consequences: bearings' destruction, rings', pistons' and valves' burning, extra fuel consumption, premature engine's wearing. The number that measures fuel resistance at detonation is named octane number. It represents a percentage mixture of isooctane and normal heptanes, which after stability at detonation, is equal to the analyzed fuel sample. The higher octane number is, there are less chances for a detonation.
Detonation - fuel burning speed that excels about 100 times the normal speed.
Detonation features are: powerful metallic noises in the overheated cylinders, engine shake, engine's power reduction.
Consequences: bearings' destruction, rings', pistons' and valves' burning, extra fuel consumption, premature engine's wearing. The number that measures fuel resistance at detonation is named octane number. It represents a percentage mixture of isooctane and normal heptanes, which after stability at detonation, is equal to the analyzed fuel sample. The higher octane number is, there are less chances for a detonation.
Fractional Structure
It represents the fuel ability to form a working mixture at the starting and running of the engine in different working conditions.
The lower boiling temperature for 10% of fuel is, the better are starting properties of engine.
The boiling temperature for 50% of fuel represents the average fractions of fuel evaporation, that influence the heating and stable run of engine ( the lower it is, the faster they switch from small to big engine rotations and vice versa).
The lower boiling temperature for 90% of fuel is, there are more volatile the fuel is and burns completely in the engine.
The higher final boiling temperature is, there are more chances for unevaporated fuel and oil film that protects cylinders' walls from corrosion to get into compression chamber.
The lower boiling temperature for 10% of fuel is, the better are starting properties of engine.
The boiling temperature for 50% of fuel represents the average fractions of fuel evaporation, that influence the heating and stable run of engine ( the lower it is, the faster they switch from small to big engine rotations and vice versa).
The lower boiling temperature for 90% of fuel is, there are more volatile the fuel is and burns completely in the engine.
The higher final boiling temperature is, there are more chances for unevaporated fuel and oil film that protects cylinders' walls from corrosion to get into compression chamber.
Sulphur Content
The outcome matter from fuel's sulphur burning, sulphur dioxide in particular, causes engine's components erosion, reduces its power and increases carburant use. That is why sulphur content in fuels is strictly regulated.
Engine's Easy Start and its Stable Run
Diesel - product used by compression switch engines, in which the combustible detonates only at high temperature created by air-carburant mixture compression.
Diesel most important features:
Cetane Number
Characterizes diesel combustion and pressure increase in the cylinders of engine. It is the percentage proportion of cetane mixed with alphametylnaphtaline. Diesel with cetane number smaller than 40, worsens the starting properties of the engine in bad working conditions. 40-50 is the best cetane number value.
Sulphur Content
The big quantities of sulphur in diesel are negative, because the combustion products in oxide forms together with air humidity form the sulphuric acid, that destroys gas evacuation system.
Fractional Structure
The process of diesel combustion in engine is distinguished by two main parameters: fractional structure and cetane number. Diesel combustion with light fractional structure will use less air; the processes will develop completely because the needed time to form the diesel-air mixture is reduced.
Coefficient of Filtration
Marks the diesel purity and represents the report of the filtration time of the last 2cm3 of diesel - the first 2cm3 of the total volume of diesel. The filtration coefficient is influenced by the presence of water, mechanical impurities, resin substances, naphtalic acids soaps. The best filtration coefficient value varies between 1,5 and 2,5.
Flammability Point
Gas (Liquid Petroliferous Gas) - a mixture of hydrocarbons in different proportions, depending on use and geographical area.
Propane and Butane are the main components. They are hydrocarbons with 3 and respectively 4 carbon atoms and have the following proportion:
in summertime ( 40% propane + 60% butane )
in wintertime ( 60% propane + 40% butane )